Early Intervention for the Treatment of Autism
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What is Autism?
Autism is defined as a developmental disorder that affects the child’s ability to make contact, develop language, and engage in interpersonal communication. The syndrome is included in the diagnostic spectrum called PDD (pervasive developmental disorder).
Characteristics of the Autistic Disorder
The criteria that characterize autism are defined in the Diagnostic Handbook of the Psychiatric Association DSM IV. It is important to state that at least 6 of the following parameters should be apparent in order to suspect autism.
Clear inability to interact socially
- Absence of non-verbal communication, such as eye contact, facial expression, body language
- Basic inability to relate to others
- Inability to share or participate in a pleasurable activity
- Inability to express affection
Clear inability to communicate
- Lack of language development
- Lack of initiative for verbal expression
- Repetitive sounds
Stereotypical ritualistic behavior
- Limited interest in objects
- Intensive, obsessive use of specific objects
- Stereotypical, repetitive movements
- Lack of spontaneous and imaginary play
Clinical observations identified the following:
- Does not respond to his* (own) name
- Inappropriate laughter or crying
- Lack of ability to interpret facial expressions
- Often verbal or babbling (preverbal) sounds are lacking
- Use of the adult's hand to obtain what is desired
- Attachment to a certain object
- Various phobias such as water, noises, toilet training
- Food fixations
* The male pronoun is used throughout for convenience.
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